Modern-day computing and optical communications are limited by the speed at which signals can be turned on and off. This paper demonstrates that frequencies of the order of Petahertz could be achieved by exploiting the change in behavior from insulator to conductor of a dielectric when exposed to strong, few-cycle laser pulses. Transient absorption, streaking and reflectivity techniques are used to probe these sub-femtosecond dynamics and observe the reversibility of the changes in the dielectric.
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v493/n7430/full/nature11720.html
paper:
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v493/n7430/pdf/nature11720.pdf
supplementary information:
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v493/n7430/extref/nature11720-s1.pdf
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